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dq.sigmam 

sigmam(*, layout: Layout | None = None) -> QArray

Returns the Pauli lowering operator \(\sigma_-\).

It is defined by \(\sigma_- = \begin{pmatrix} 0 & 0 \\ 1 & 0 \end{pmatrix}\).

Parameters

  • layout –

    Matrix layout (dq.dense, dq.dia or None).

Returns

(qarray of shape (2, 2)) Pauli \(\sigma_-\) operator.

Examples 

>>> dq.sigmam()
QArray: shape=(2, 2), dims=(2,), dtype=complex64, layout=dia, ndiags=1
[[  â‹…      â‹…   ]
 [1.+0.j   â‹…   ]]